Well Woman Test

Total Protein measures the levels of two key proteins in the blood: Albumin and Globulin. Albumin helps maintain fluid balance in the bloodstream, preventing leakage. Globulin, produced by the liver and immune system, plays a vital role in strengthening immunity by fighting germs and infections, supporting overall health.

The gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) test measures the GGT enzyme levels in the blood. GGT aids in transporting molecules and metabolizing toxins and drugs in the liver. Elevated GGT levels may indicate liver damage or diseases like hepatitis or cirrhosis, bile duct infections, or excessive alcohol use, making it a vital diagnostic tool.

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme found in the liver, kidneys, bones, and digestive system. Elevated ALP levels in the bloodstream often indicate liver disease or bone disorders, making it a key marker for diagnosing these conditions.

Triglycerides are blood fats essential for energy and fat storage in the body. Produced in the liver, they serve as the primary energy reserve. While vital for normal function, elevated triglyceride levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular issues. Monitoring triglycerides is important when assessing overall cholesterol and heart health.

HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) percentage of total cholesterol measures the amount of HDL, the “good” cholesterol, compared to your total cholesterol. This test helps assess cardiovascular risk by calculating the ratio of good to bad cholesterol in the blood. Doctors use this percentage to evaluate overall heart health and potential risks for heart disease.

In addition to measuring HDL and LDL levels, this test also includes a non-HDL cholesterol check, which represents all harmful cholesterol in the blood. Non-HDL levels are a key indicator of cardiovascular risk and should generally be below 4mmol/L. By monitoring HDL and LDL levels, you can track how diet and lifestyle changes impact your cholesterol, helping to optimize your health based on these biomarkers.

Creatine is found in muscles, and its breakdown produces creatinine, a waste product excreted by the kidneys. Elevated creatinine levels indicate that the kidneys may not be effectively filtering and removing waste from the body, potentially signaling kidney dysfunction or damage.

Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a long-term measure of blood glucose (sugar) levels. Hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, carries oxygen throughout the bloodstream. Glucose attaches to these cells, which live for about 14 weeks. HbA1c testing provides an overview of glucose levels over the past three months, making it an effective tool for monitoring diabetes and pre-diabetic conditions.

The Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) Test measures the amount of iron in the bloodstream and how effectively it is transported by transferrin, a protein that carries iron throughout the body. Anemia occurs when there is insufficient iron in the blood. On the other hand, too much iron, although rarely caused by vitamin or supplement overdose, can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and irregular heart rhythms. Monitoring iron levels is crucial for managing both iron deficiency and excess.

Transferrin Saturation measures the percentage of transferrin, a protein, that is saturated with iron for transport throughout the body. Transferrin binds to iron and ensures its delivery to hemoglobin in red blood cells, which then carries oxygen to the muscles, providing the energy needed for movement. This test helps assess the efficiency of iron transport and its availability for essential bodily functions.

Uric acid is a waste product formed from purines, which are compounds found naturally in the body and in certain foods like anchovies, dried beans, beer, and wine. The kidneys filter uric acid, but when too much is present, it can form crystals in tissues, leading to gout—a form of arthritis causing joint pain, particularly in the fingers, toes, wrists, and ankles. Uric acid levels can also rise due to cancer treatments. Conversely, low uric acid levels in the blood may indicate liver or kidney disease.

Vitamin B12 is a vitamin that’s essential for many functions in your body, including red blood cell production and nerve function. Vitamin B12 can be found in food, supplements, and fortified foods. If you don’t get enough vitamin B12, you may develop anaemia or nerve damage. A normal vitamin B12 level is 200 to 900 ng/mL. If you have a low vitamin B12 level, your doctor may recommend that you take a supplement or eat foods that are fortified with vitamin B12.

An advanced C-Reactive Protein (CRP) evaluation measures inflammation levels in the body. CRP is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation and serves as a biomarker linked to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks and strokes. Elevated CRP levels are also found in individuals with chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, or those recovering from a heart attack or stroke. While CRP is not disease-specific, it is a valuable indicator of overall inflammation in the body.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in sexual functioning. As one of the gonadotropic hormones, along with LH, FSH helps regulate the ovaries and stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles. It is also involved in the production of oestradiol. Due to its essential role in female reproductive health, FSH is a crucial part of Welzo’s female fertility home test, helping assess a woman’s fertility and sexual function.

FT3 (Free Tri-iodothyronine) is one of the key hormones produced by the thyroid gland. Despite being present in smaller amounts compared to FT4, FT3 has a stronger impact on thyroid-related health issues. An imbalance in FT3 levels—either deficiency or excess—can lead to various thyroid disorders. A menopause blood test measures the amount of FT3 that is not bound to proteins, providing valuable insights into thyroid function and its potential role in menopause-related symptoms.

Albumin is a protein found in blood plasma, produced by the liver, that plays a key role in binding and transporting various substances, similar to SHBG. It helps maintain fluid balance by preventing blood vessel leakage. Low albumin levels can indicate potential issues with kidney or liver function, as these organs are involved in its production and regulation. Monitoring albumin levels can help detect health conditions related to these vital organs.

Alanine Transferase (ALT) is an enzyme primarily produced in the liver and heart cells. Testing ALT levels in the bloodstream helps assess liver health, especially in cases of drug use, heavy alcohol consumption, or viral infections like hepatitis. While high ALT levels may indicate liver damage, the test cannot determine the extent of that damage. Lower ALT levels generally suggest a healthy liver, but the normal range can vary based on factors like age and sex.

When red blood cells break down, they produce a brownish-yellow pigment called bilirubin. If bilirubin builds up in the bloodstream, it can lead to conditions such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) or indicate liver disease, as the liver is responsible for processing and removing bilirubin from the body. Elevated bilirubin levels can be a sign of impaired liver function or other health issues.

Total cholesterol measures the overall amount of cholesterol in your blood, including both HDL (good cholesterol) and LDL (bad cholesterol). Cholesterol is produced by the liver and is essential for various bodily functions, such as producing vitamin D, bile, and forming the membranes of all body cells. It also helps transport fatty acids through the blood. Total cholesterol is an important indicator of heart health and can reveal risks for cardiovascular issues, such as heart disease and heart attacks.

HDL (high-density lipoprotein), known as “good cholesterol,” helps remove excess cholesterol from the body, protecting the heart and blood vessels. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and aids in fat processing by the liver. Optimal HDL levels are crucial for heart health. The Welzo HDL test measures your HDL levels and provides guidance on improving them.

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) helps transport fats, including triglycerides, throughout the body. However, it is often called “bad cholesterol” because elevated levels increase the risk of cardiovascular issues such as heart attacks and heart disease. High LDL levels can lead to the buildup of fatty deposits in the artery walls, causing atherosclerosis, a condition that narrows and hardens the arteries, restricting blood flow.

Urea is produced by the body during the breakdown of proteins and is excreted through urine. Urea serum levels should typically be within the range of 2.5 – 7.0 mmol/L. Elevated urea levels can indicate kidney dysfunction, leading to kidney failure in severe cases. High urea levels may also cause dehydration or cardiac issues. Monitoring urea levels is essential for assessing the proper functioning of the renal system.

The estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) is a test that assesses how well the kidneys are filtering blood. If kidney function is impaired, the eGFR will be lower than 60, indicating potential kidney issues. An eGFR of 60 or higher is considered within the normal range, suggesting healthy kidney function.

Iron is a mineral crucial for producing hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. Without enough hemoglobin, muscles don’t receive adequate oxygen, leading to fatigue and impaired function. Iron is sourced from diet and the breakdown of red blood cells. Low iron levels can result in anemia, causing tiredness. Treatment typically involves dietary changes or iron supplements to restore healthy levels.

Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) measures the amount of iron that has not yet been bound to the protein transferrin. Transferrin is responsible for transporting iron to the bone marrow for the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. UIBC helps assess the availability of transferrin to bind iron, playing a role in iron metabolism and red blood cell production.

Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body, primarily found in the liver and other cells. It releases iron when needed to supply muscles with oxygen, providing them with the energy required for proper function. Monitoring ferritin levels ensures that there is adequate iron storage in the body’s cells; without proper storage, iron may be depleted more quickly, leading to potential deficiencies.

Vitamin D is essential for various body functions, including bone and muscle health. It can be obtained through food, supplements, and fortified products. Insufficient vitamin D can lead to conditions like osteoporosis and muscle weakness. Normal levels typically range from 20 to 50 ng/mL. If levels are low, supplementation or consuming vitamin D-fortified foods may be recommended to maintain optimal health.

Folate (also known as folic acid or vitamin B9) is essential for the healthy production and regulation of red blood cells in the body. A typical folate level ranges from 2.7 to 17 ng/mL. If the serum level is lower than 2.7 ng/mL, it may indicate a folate deficiency, which can affect red blood cell production and lead to anemia.

The Oestradiol Blood Test measures the levels of oestradiol in the blood. Women over 50, nearing menopause, typically have the lowest oestradiol levels, which can lead to symptoms like hot flashes, infertility, osteoporosis, night sweats, and mood swings. Hormonal imbalances can significantly impact both physical and mental health. Men concerned about abnormal breast tissue growth and women with irregular menstrual cycles can also benefit from this test to identify the cause. The test report includes comments from a Certified Doctor for further insights.

Luteinising Hormone (LH) is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in sexual health. In women, LH helps regulate the menstrual cycle and ovulation, and its levels rise significantly just before ovulation to trigger egg release from the ovaries. Monitoring LH is vital for assessing female fertility, as imbalanced levels can lead to fertility problems over time.

TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone), or thyrotropin, is secreted by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in regulating thyroid function. Abnormal levels of TSH can indicate hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Both conditions can cause symptoms such as weight changes, anxiety, palpitations, irregular sleep patterns, and menstrual irregularities. Hypothyroidism often shares symptoms with menopause, making it important to distinguish between the two.